Gladiatorial games and chariot races in Rome were initially religious rituals, honoring various gods, before evolving into popular entertainment.

The Romans enjoyed feats of athletic strength, which they found impressive and entertaining, reflecting the pinnacle of human physical capability.

The transition from religious obligation to mere entertainment in Roman games reflects a shift in societal values over time, as sports were a major part of life, with gladiatorial combat and chariot races being extremely popular, making gladiators and chariot racers celebrities.

The Romans were very into ritual and sacrifice, taking their religious practices seriously as part of their identity.

The conflict between Romans and Christians arose from differing views on loyalty to the emperor, where Romans saw it as a patriotic act to pray for the emperor, while Christians viewed it as worshiping another god.

Gladiators in Roman society exemplified status dissonance, as they were often slaves yet could achieve fame and admiration through their combat skills, creating a complex social dynamic.

The loss of a unifying enemy like Carthage contributed to the breakdown of political cohesion in Rome, allowing for civil wars and the rise of personalist armies.

By around 100 BC, despite Rome's success, nearly every group within society felt they had not shared in the benefits, leading to intense unhappiness and internal strife.

The decline of the Roman Republic was marked by internal political rivalries that escalated after the Punic Wars, leading to a breakdown of elite consensus and increased civil strife.