Olfactory dysfunction is common in traumatic brain injury, and evaluating your sense of smell can indicate whether you're regaining sensory performance, which can be an indicator of recovery from concussion.

Stem cells can be used to recover function in the brain and spinal cord after injuries like concussion, TBI, or stroke.

Trauma experienced at any age can increase the risk of addiction, but earlier trauma tends to have more lasting effects due to brain development stages.

Severe alcohol intake, such as binge drinking, has clear detrimental effects on health and brain function.

Low to moderate alcohol consumption may still negatively impact brain health, potentially causing neurodegeneration.

A brain lesion can lead to significant behavioral deficits that may recover over time due to brain plasticity, but deeper brain lesions can result in permanent deficits without intervention.

Even low levels of alcohol consumption can lead to thinning of the neocortex, indicating potential brain degeneration.

Both light and moderate alcohol consumption can reduce brain thickness, indicating negative effects on brain health, and there's a dose-dependent increase in the shrinkage of gray matter and white matter tracts in the brain as a function of alcohol consumption.

Improving blood flow to the brain through regular exercise enhances cognitive function and reduces inflammation, which is linked to cognitive decline.