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AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
As LLMs evolve, they are increasingly seen as complex operating systems rather than simple utilities, shaping a new software ecosystem.
Video
YC
Andrej Karpathy: Software Is Changing (Again)
@ Y Combinator
06/19/25
Related Takeaways
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
LLMs are becoming the primary consumers and manipulators of digital information, necessitating a shift in how we design software.
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
The future of software development will involve rewriting a significant amount of code, with LLMs acting as utilities and operating systems.
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
LLMs are becoming the primary consumers and manipulators of digital information, which means we need to design software that caters to these agents.
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
The unique aspect of LLMs is that they are not just tools for corporations and governments; they are accessible to everyone, democratizing technology.
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
Large Language Models (LLMs) function like a new operating system, being developed by labs and distributed like utilities, reminiscent of computing in the 1960s.
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
The emergence of partial autonomy apps, like Cursor, illustrates how LLMs can enhance traditional software interfaces by managing context and orchestrating multiple calls. Software is fundamentally changing again, as we enter the era of 'Software 3.0,' where natural language becomes the new programming interface.
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
The current landscape of LLMs resembles the computing environment of the 1960s, where centralized systems dominate due to high costs.
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
The programming paradigm is evolving; now, prompts for LLMs are written in English, making software development more accessible.
AK
Andrej Karpathy
06/19/25
@ Y Combinator
We need to adjust our infrastructure to effectively work with LLMs, as they are fallible systems that require careful integration.